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Tampico is a city and port in the state of Tamaulipas, Mexico; it is located on the north bank of the Pánuco River, about from the Gulf of Mexico. The city is located in the southeastern part of the state, directly north of the state of Veracruz. Tampico is the fifth-largest city in Tamaulipas with a population of 297,284. The Metropolitan area of Tampico has 859,419 inhabitants. In the early 20th century during the period of Mexico's first oil boom, the city was the "chief oil-exporting port of the Americas" and the second in the world, yielding profits that were invested in the city's "grandiose architecture," often compared to that of Venice and New Orleans.〔(Dave Graham, "Crime-ridden state poses acid test for Mexican oil reform" ), ''Reuters,'' 25 June 2014, accessed 11 December 2014〕 The first oil well in Mexico was drilled here in 1901 at Ébano. In 1923 the major oil field dried up, leading to an exodus of jobs and investment. Economic development during the 1920s made the city a pioneer in the aviation and soda industries. The city also is a major exporter of silver, copper, and lumber, together with wool, hemp, and other agricultural products. Containerized cargo, however, is mainly handled by the neighboring ocean port of Altamira. ==History== The name "Tampico" is of Huastec origin: ''tam-piko'', meaning "place of otters" (literally "water dogs"). The city is surrounded by rivers and lagoons of the delta of the Pánuco River, which was the habitat of a large population of otters. There had been successive human settlements in the area for centuries. The region had several early Huastec settlements, among them the important site at Las Flores, which flourished between AD 1000 and 1250. During colonization, the Spanish Franciscan priest Andrés de Olmos established a mission and monastery in the area during 1532, building over a former Aztec village. At his request, Spanish officials founded a settlement named San Luis de Tampico in 1554. This site was abandoned in 1684 and the population relocated to the south of the Pánuco River because of frequent attacks by European pirates, among them a particularly destructive incursion by Laurens de Graaf. The area was abandoned for nearly 150 years. The present Mexican city was founded on April 13, 1823 on the north bank of the Pánuco River about from the Gulf, after Mexico achieved independence from Spain. It rerouted African slaves to be illegally smuggled into the Deep South of the United States (which had ended its international trade) and also exported silver.〔 In August 1829, Spain sent a force of troops from Cuba to invade Tampico in an effort to regain control. But, in September General Antonio López de Santa Anna led forces that brought the Spanish troops to surrender, and Mexican control of Tampico was re-established.〔Dupuy and Dupuy. ''The Encyclopedia of Military History,'' p. 818〕 Business development was mostly as a trading center and market town of an agricultural region. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Tampico」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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